<?php
function sayHello(string $name): never
{
echo "Hello, $name";
exit(); // if we comment this line, php throws fatal error
}
sayHello("John"); // result: "Hello, John"never 是仅用于返回的类型,表示函数不会终止。这意味着它要么调用 exit(),要么抛出异常,要么无限循环。因此,它不能是联合类型声明的一部分。自 PHP 8.1.0 起可用。
never 是类型理论中的最底层类型。这意味着它是其它所有类型的子类型,并在可以在继承期间替换其它任何返回类型。
<?php
function sayHello(string $name): never
{
echo "Hello, $name";
exit(); // if we comment this line, php throws fatal error
}
sayHello("John"); // result: "Hello, John"I think the description should be corrected from return-only to non-return function since the context is now misleadingNever cannot be used in a union type because, being the bottom type, it is already automatically a subtype of every other type. "A|never" is equivalent to "A".
When one type is "obviously" a subtype of another (i.e., it doesn't require loading the class definitions of all the types involved), the former is redundant in union types, and PHP flags the union of both as an error.
Similarly for intersection types, where "A&never" means the same thing as "never". It "obviously" doesn't make sense to mention A there, so PHP won't allow doing so.